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Difference between revisions of "Pattern 1914 Enfield"
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− | The | + | The '''Pattern 1914 Enfield''' was a derivative of a rifle that originally began as a replacement for the [[SMLE]] in British Army service. It is a Mauser-type action with 2 forward locking lugs, an external non-rotating claw extractor, and a staggered-column box magazine contained entirely within the stock. It can be easily identified by the prominent metal "ears" that protect both the front sight and the receiver-mounted rear sight. |
[[File:Pattern1914.jpg|thumb|right|400px|Pattern M1914 (P 14) Enfield - .303 UK]] | [[File:Pattern1914.jpg|thumb|right|400px|Pattern M1914 (P 14) Enfield - .303 UK]] | ||
− | [[File:Pattern1914scoped.jpg|thumb|right|400px|Pattern M1914 (P 14) Enfield sniper variant fitted with | + | [[File:Pattern1914scoped.jpg|thumb|right|400px|Pattern M1914 (P 14) Enfield No. 3. Mk I* (T) sniper variant fitted with a Birmingham Small Arms Company (BSA) Model M1918 Telescopic Sight - .303 UK]] |
− | [[ | + | [[File:M1914 Sport.jpg|thumb|right|400px|Sporterized Pattern M1914 (P 14) Enfield - .303 UK]] |
− | [[ | + | [[File:m1917enfield.jpg|thumb|right|400px|M1917 Enfield - .30-06 Springfield]] |
− | ==Development== | + | __TOC__ |
+ | |||
+ | ==Background== | ||
+ | ===Development=== | ||
During the Second Boer War (1899-1902), the British Army found that the SMLE rifle chambered in .303 was severely outclassed by the [[Mauser Rifle Series#1895 Chilean Mauser|M1895 Mauser]] rifles used by the Boer forces. The high velocity and flat trajectory of the 7x57mm Mauser cartridge proved much more accurate and powerful at long range than the British .303 MKIII cartridge, giving the Boers a decisive advantage in the open veldt of South Africa. Attempts to upgrade the Lee-Enfield design proved unsuccessful due to its rear-mounted locking lugs, and in 1910 the Small Arms Committee issued a requirement for a Mauser-type rifle with front-locking lugs, single-piece stock, and small-caliber cartridge. In 1911 the Royal Small Arms Factory produced a modified cock-on-closing Mauser-type design, which was adopted for testing in 1913 as: '''Rifle, Magazine, Enfield, .276-inch''', colloquially known as the Pattern 13. | During the Second Boer War (1899-1902), the British Army found that the SMLE rifle chambered in .303 was severely outclassed by the [[Mauser Rifle Series#1895 Chilean Mauser|M1895 Mauser]] rifles used by the Boer forces. The high velocity and flat trajectory of the 7x57mm Mauser cartridge proved much more accurate and powerful at long range than the British .303 MKIII cartridge, giving the Boers a decisive advantage in the open veldt of South Africa. Attempts to upgrade the Lee-Enfield design proved unsuccessful due to its rear-mounted locking lugs, and in 1910 the Small Arms Committee issued a requirement for a Mauser-type rifle with front-locking lugs, single-piece stock, and small-caliber cartridge. In 1911 the Royal Small Arms Factory produced a modified cock-on-closing Mauser-type design, which was adopted for testing in 1913 as: '''Rifle, Magazine, Enfield, .276-inch''', colloquially known as the Pattern 13. | ||
− | ==Pattern 13== | + | |
+ | ===Pattern 13=== | ||
The new rifle featured a Mauser-type cock-on-closing action with front locking lugs, non-rotating claw extractor, and a staggered 5-round box magazine contained within the one-piece stock. The bolt handle had a distinctive "dogleg" shape, bringing it down and back toward the operator's hand. A 2-position thumb safety was located on the right side behind the bolt handle. The rifle had a 26" barrel, with a protected front sight, and aperture rear sight with flip-up elevation ladder mounted on the receiver bridge, which gave the rifle an extremely long sight radius. It was chambered in a new 7mm cartridge specifically developed for the rifle, the .276 Enfield, which propelled a 165gr bullet at 2,800fps. The rifle was not popular with troops, who reported excessive muzzle blast, overheating, and rifling wear. | The new rifle featured a Mauser-type cock-on-closing action with front locking lugs, non-rotating claw extractor, and a staggered 5-round box magazine contained within the one-piece stock. The bolt handle had a distinctive "dogleg" shape, bringing it down and back toward the operator's hand. A 2-position thumb safety was located on the right side behind the bolt handle. The rifle had a 26" barrel, with a protected front sight, and aperture rear sight with flip-up elevation ladder mounted on the receiver bridge, which gave the rifle an extremely long sight radius. It was chambered in a new 7mm cartridge specifically developed for the rifle, the .276 Enfield, which propelled a 165gr bullet at 2,800fps. The rifle was not popular with troops, who reported excessive muzzle blast, overheating, and rifling wear. | ||
− | ==Pattern 14== | + | |
+ | ===Pattern 14=== | ||
When World War I began, it was determined that it would be impractical to convert the British Army to a new rifle and cartridge, and development of the .276 Enfield was forgotten. Production of the rifle in Britain was also impossible, as all available facilities were cranking out SMLE MkIII's. However, it was decided that the rifle could be re-chambered in .303 without altering the basic design. Thus the design became: '''Rifle, .303 Pattern 1914'''. The British government then contracted out production of the Pattern 14 to Winchester Repeating Arms and Remington Arms in the United States. From 1915-1917 1,235,298 rifles were produced by Winchester, Remington, and Remington's subsidiary Baldwin Locomotive Works in Eddystone, Pennsylvania. The rifle's length and weight made it unpopular with regular troops, who found it difficult to wield in the close-range combat of trench fighting. It was, however, popular with snipers, where its barrel length, long sight radius, and weight made it more accurate than the [[SMLE]]. | When World War I began, it was determined that it would be impractical to convert the British Army to a new rifle and cartridge, and development of the .276 Enfield was forgotten. Production of the rifle in Britain was also impossible, as all available facilities were cranking out SMLE MkIII's. However, it was decided that the rifle could be re-chambered in .303 without altering the basic design. Thus the design became: '''Rifle, .303 Pattern 1914'''. The British government then contracted out production of the Pattern 14 to Winchester Repeating Arms and Remington Arms in the United States. From 1915-1917 1,235,298 rifles were produced by Winchester, Remington, and Remington's subsidiary Baldwin Locomotive Works in Eddystone, Pennsylvania. The rifle's length and weight made it unpopular with regular troops, who found it difficult to wield in the close-range combat of trench fighting. It was, however, popular with snipers, where its barrel length, long sight radius, and weight made it more accurate than the [[SMLE]]. | ||
− | ==M1917== | + | |
+ | ===M1917=== | ||
When the United States entered World War I in 1917, the [[M1903 Springfield]] was the standard-issue battle rifle of the US Army and US Marine Corps. However, only 840,000 had been produced, and the United States desperately needed an alternative to arm the American Expeditionary Force. The Pattern 14 rifle, then in production for the British Army, was found to be easily converted to the US .30-06 service cartridge. All production of the P14 was ceased, and Winchester, Remington, and Eddystone began manufacturing the new '''U.S. Rifle, Caliber .30, Model of 1917'''. From 1917-1918, 2,193,429 rifles were produced, far outnumbering M1903 production. By the end of the war, roughly 75% of the American Expeditionary Force was armed with the M1917. Like the British troops, American soldiers disliked the rifle for its length and weight; with its 17" bayonet it was usually taller than the man carrying it. | When the United States entered World War I in 1917, the [[M1903 Springfield]] was the standard-issue battle rifle of the US Army and US Marine Corps. However, only 840,000 had been produced, and the United States desperately needed an alternative to arm the American Expeditionary Force. The Pattern 14 rifle, then in production for the British Army, was found to be easily converted to the US .30-06 service cartridge. All production of the P14 was ceased, and Winchester, Remington, and Eddystone began manufacturing the new '''U.S. Rifle, Caliber .30, Model of 1917'''. From 1917-1918, 2,193,429 rifles were produced, far outnumbering M1903 production. By the end of the war, roughly 75% of the American Expeditionary Force was armed with the M1917. Like the British troops, American soldiers disliked the rifle for its length and weight; with its 17" bayonet it was usually taller than the man carrying it. | ||
− | =Specifications= | + | ==Specifications== |
*Weight: P13: 8lb. 11 oz. (3.9kg); P14: 9 lb. 6 oz.(4.25kg); M1917: 9 lb. 3oz.(4.17kg) | *Weight: P13: 8lb. 11 oz. (3.9kg); P14: 9 lb. 6 oz.(4.25kg); M1917: 9 lb. 3oz.(4.17kg) | ||
*Length: 3 ft. 10.25 in. (1175 mm) | *Length: 3 ft. 10.25 in. (1175 mm) | ||
*Barrel length: 26.0 in (660 mm) | *Barrel length: 26.0 in (660 mm) | ||
− | *Cartridge: .276 Enfield; .303 | + | *Cartridge: .276 Enfield (Pattern 13); .303 Enfield (Pattern 14); .30-06 Springfield (M1917) |
*Action: Modified Mauser turn bolt | *Action: Modified Mauser turn bolt | ||
*Muzzle velocity: 2,785 ft/s(848.9m/s); 2380 ft/s (725.6m/s); 2700 ft/s (823 m/s) | *Muzzle velocity: 2,785 ft/s(848.9m/s); 2380 ft/s (725.6m/s); 2700 ft/s (823 m/s) | ||
*Feed system: P13, P14: 5-round box magazine; M1917: 6-round box magazine | *Feed system: P13, P14: 5-round box magazine; M1917: 6-round box magazine | ||
− | + | ----- | |
+ | {{Gun Title}} | ||
==Film== | ==Film== | ||
− | {| | + | {{Media table start|film}} |
− | |- | + | |- |
− | + | | ''[[The Lost Battalion (1919)|The Lost Battalion]]'' || || American soldiers || M1917 || 1919 | |
− | + | |- | |
− | + | | ''[[Wings]]'' || || American and British soldiers || M1917 || 1927 | |
− | |||
− | |||
|- | |- | ||
| ''[[Sniper (1931)|Sniper]]'' || || British soldiers || Enfield P14 || 1931 | | ''[[Sniper (1931)|Sniper]]'' || || British soldiers || Enfield P14 || 1931 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ''[[Horizon (Gorizont)]]'' || || American soldiers || Unclear model || 1932 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | rowspan=2|''[[Eskimo]]''|| Joseph Sauers ||Sergeant Hunt || rowspan=2| M1917 ||rowspan=2| 1933 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | || Edgar Dearing || Constable Balk | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |rowspan="3" | ''[[They Gave Him a Gun]]'' || [[Franchot Tone]] || James Davis || rowspan=3| || rowspan="3" | 1937 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | [[Spencer Tracy]] || Fred P. Willis | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | || U. S. soldiers | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ''[[If War Comes Tomorrow (Esli zavtra voyna)]]'' || || Enemy troops || Enfield P14 || 1938 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ''[[Fighting Film Collection No. 3 (Boyevoy kinosbornik No. 3)]]'' || || British soldiers || Seen in documentary footage || 1941 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ''[[Went the Day Well?]]'' || || British Home Guard/German Paratroopers || || 1942 | | ''[[Went the Day Well?]]'' || || British Home Guard/German Paratroopers || || 1942 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | rowspan=3|''[[Hell Below Zero]]'' || [[Ivan Craig]] || Larsen || rowspan=3|Sporterized P14 or M1917 || rowspan=3|1954 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | [[Stanley Baker]] || Erik Bland | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | [[Alan Ladd]] || Duncan Craig | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ''[[And Quiet Flows the Don (Tikhiy Don) (1957)|And Quiet Flows the Don (Tikhiy Don)]]'' || || Austro-Hungarian soldiers || || 1957 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ''[[The Poet]]'' || || Red sailors and cavalrymen || Likely Enfield P14 || 1957 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | rowspan=4|''[[The Golden Eshelon (Zolotoy eshelon)]]'' || [[Arkadi Trusov]] || Lipat Korneevich || rowspan=4|Enfield P14, some with P1907 bayonets || rowspan=4|1959 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | [[Aleksandr Tolstykh]] || Stepan Krutikov | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | [[Anatoli Yushko]] || Chernykh | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | || Red partisans | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ''[[Dersu Uzala (1961)|Dersu Uzala]]'' || [[Adolf Shestakov]] || Captain Vladimir Arsenyev || Enfield P14 || 1961 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ''[[The 317th Platoon]]'' || || Laotian troops || || 1965 | | ''[[The 317th Platoon]]'' || || Laotian troops || || 1965 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ''[[The Hyperboloid of Engineer Garin (Giperboloid inzhenera Garina)]]'' || || Garin's private army soldiers || Enfield P14 || 1965 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ''[[Naked Prey, The|The Naked Prey]]'' || [[Gert van den Bergh]] || The 2nd Man || || 1966 | | ''[[Naked Prey, The|The Naked Prey]]'' || [[Gert van den Bergh]] || The 2nd Man || || 1966 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ''[[Exodus (Iskhod)]]'' || || Mongols || || 1968 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ''[[Sergey Lazo]]'' || || Imperial Japanese Army soldiers || || 1968 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ''[[Night of the Living Dead (1968)|Night of the Living Dead]]'' || || Posse member || || 1968 | | ''[[Night of the Living Dead (1968)|Night of the Living Dead]]'' || || Posse member || || 1968 | ||
Line 48: | Line 95: | ||
| ''[[The Intervention (Interventsiya)]]'' || || Hold by statues || || 1969 | | ''[[The Intervention (Interventsiya)]]'' || || Hold by statues || || 1969 | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | ''[[ | + | | ''[[The Omega Man]]'' || [[Charlton Heston]] || Col. Robert Neville || || 1971 |
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ''[[Mission in Kabul (Missiya v Kabule)]]'' || || Royal guards of the Emir || || 1971 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ''[[The Hound of the Baskervilles (Sobaka Baskerviley)]]'' || || British Police || Enfield P14 || 1971 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ''[[The Seventh Bullet (Sedmaya pulya)]]'' || [[Hamza Umarov]] || Hairullah || M1917 || 1972 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ''[[In the Black Sands (V chyornykh peskakh)]]'' || || ''Basmachi'' || M1917 or P14 || 1973 | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | ''[[The | + | | ''[[The Black Captain (Chyornyy kapitan)]]'' || || Partisans || || 1973 |
|- | |- | ||
− | | ''[[ | + | | rowspan=2| ''[[And on the Pacific... (I na Tikhom Okeane...)]]'' || [[Viktor Avdyushko]] || Nikita Yegorovich Vershinin || rowspan=2| M1917 || rowspan=2| 1974 |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | || Red partisans |
|- | |- | ||
− | | ''[[Island of Dr. Moreau | + | | ''[[March or Die]]'' || || American soldiers || || 1977 |
+ | |- | ||
+ | | rowspan=2|''[[The Island of Dr. Moreau (1977)|The Island of Dr Moreau]]'' || [[Nigel Davenport]] || Montgomery || rowspan=2| || rowspan=2|1977 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | [[Michael York]] || Andrew Braddock | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ''[[Dawn of the Dead (1978)|Dawn of the Dead]]'' || || || Seen on a gun shelf || 1978 | | ''[[Dawn of the Dead (1978)|Dawn of the Dead]]'' || || || Seen on a gun shelf || 1978 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ''[[Velvet Season (Barkhatnyy sezon)]]'' || || Spanish Republicans, French police || Enfield P14 || 1978 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | rowspan=3|''[[The Girl from the Legend (Devushka iz legendy)]]'' || [[Sharif Kabulov]] || Kabul || rowspan=3| || rowspan=3|1980 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | [[Yakhye Faizulayev]] || Habib | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | || Bukharan soldiers, ''Basmachi'' | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ''[[Against the Current (Protiv techeniya)]]'' || || Red sailors || Enfield P14 || 1981 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ''[[Enter the Ninja]]'' || || Guards || || 1981 | | ''[[Enter the Ninja]]'' || || Guards || || 1981 | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | ''[[Come and See (Idi i smotri)]]'' || || SS soldiers, Soviet partisan || || 1985 | + | | ''[[Cossack Outpost (Kazachya zastava)]]'' || [[Lev Perfilov]] || Irod || Enfield P14 || 1982 |
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ''[[Urgent... Secret... Gubcheka (Srochno... sekretno... Gubcheka)]]'' || || White soldiers || Enfield P14 || 1982 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | rowspan=2|''[[The Pavilion on the Links (Dom na dyunakh)]]'' || [[Arkadi Shalolashvili]] || Antonio || rowspan=2| || rowspan=2|1984 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | || Northmour's yacht sailors | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ''[[Come and See (Idi i smotri)]]'' || || SS soldiers, Soviet partisan || Enfield P14 || 1985 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ''[[Out of Africa]]'' || || Hunter || Supposedly a sporterized Pattern 1914 in .303 British || 1986 | | ''[[Out of Africa]]'' || || Hunter || Supposedly a sporterized Pattern 1914 in .303 British || 1986 | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | ''[[Untouchables | + | | ''[[Club Paradise]]'' || || revolutionary and soldier || || 1986 |
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ''[[The Jaguar (Yaguar)]]'' || || Chilean military school cadets || Enfield P14 || 1987 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ''[[The Untouchables (1987)|The Untouchables]]'' || || Royal Canadian Mounted Police || || 1987 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | rowspan=3|''[[Crocodile Dundee II]]'' || [[Paul Hogan]] || Michael J. 'Crocodile' Dundee || rowspan=3| Sporterized Pattern M1914 (P 14) Enfield || rowspan=3|1988 | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | [[Linda Kozlowski]] || Sue Charlton |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | [[Luis Guzmán]]|| Jose |
|- | |- | ||
− | |''[[ | + | | ''[[Cargo 300 (Gruz 300)]]'' || || Afghan mujaheddins || Enfield P14 || 1989 |
|- | |- | ||
| ''[[Richard III]]'' || || Richmond's soldiers || || 1995 | | ''[[Richard III]]'' || || Richmond's soldiers || || 1995 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ''[[Truman]]'' || || U.S. soldiers || || 1995 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ''[[Spawn]]'' || || U.S. honor guard soldiers || || 1997 | | ''[[Spawn]]'' || || U.S. honor guard soldiers || || 1997 | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | ''[[ | + | | rowspan=7|''[[The Lost Battalion]]'' || [[Rick Schroder]] || Major Charles Whittlesey || rowspan=7| || rowspan=7|2001 |
|- | |- | ||
− | + | | [[André Vippolis]] || Pvt. Lipasti | |
|- | |- | ||
− | + | | [[Rhys Miles Thomas]] || Pvt. Bob Yoder | |
|- | |- | ||
− | + | | [[Arthur Kremer]] || Pvt. Abraham Krotoshinsky | |
|- | |- | ||
− | + | | [[Daniel Caltagirone]] || Pvt. Phillip Cepeglia | |
|- | |- | ||
− | + | | [[Michael Goldstrom]] || Pvt. Jacob Rosen | |
|- | |- | ||
− | + | | || US Army soldiers | |
|- | |- | ||
| ''[[King Kong (2005)|King Kong]]'' || || U.S. Army soldiers || || 2005 | | ''[[King Kong (2005)|King Kong]]'' || || U.S. Army soldiers || || 2005 | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | ''[[Days of Glory (2006)|Days of Glory]]'' || [[Roschdy Zem]] || Messaoud || || 2006 | + | | rowspan=2|''[[Days of Glory (2006)|Days of Glory]]'' || [[Roschdy Zem]] || Messaoud || rowspan=2| || rowspan=2|2006 |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | || Free French soldiers |
|- | |- | ||
| ''[[Assembly (Ji jie hao)]]'' || || Nationalist Chinese soldiers || || 2007 | | ''[[Assembly (Ji jie hao)]]'' || || Nationalist Chinese soldiers || || 2007 | ||
Line 103: | Line 188: | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ''[[Emden Men]]'' || || French soldiers || || 2012 | | ''[[Emden Men]]'' || || French soldiers || || 2012 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ''[[Far from Men]]'' || || Algerian rebels and French soldiers || || 2014 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ''[[Battery Number One (Edinichka)]]'' || Ilya Pivnyuk || Ruzek || Enfield P14 || 2015 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |''[[7 Witches]]'' || || vigilante || || 2017 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |''[[Wonder Woman (2017)|Wonder Woman]]''||[[Ewen Bremner]]||Charlie||M1917||2017 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |''[[The King's Man]]''||[[Gemma Arterton]]||Polly||||2021 | ||
+ | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
==Television== | ==Television== | ||
− | {| | + | {{Media table start|television}} |
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
|- | |- | ||
| ''[[Mission: Impossible - Season 2]]'' || [[Warren Stevens]] || Karl de Groot || Sporter model || 1967 | | ''[[Mission: Impossible - Season 2]]'' || [[Warren Stevens]] || Karl de Groot || Sporter model || 1967 | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | ''[[Dad's Army]]'' || [[Arthur Lowe]] || Captain George Mainwaring || || 1968-1977 | + | | rowspan=6|''[[Dad's Army]]'' || [[Arthur Lowe]] || Captain George Mainwaring || rowspan=6| || rowspan=6| 1968-1977 |
+ | |- | ||
+ | | [[John Le Mesurier]] || Sergeant Arthur Wilson | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | [[Clive Dunn]] || Lance Corporal Jack Jones | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | [[James Beck]] || Private Joe Walker | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | [[Ian Lavender]] || Private Frank Pike | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | [[John Laurie]] || Private James Frazer | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ''[[Here Lies the Border (Zdes prokhodit granitsa)]]'' || || ''Basmachi'' || Ep.1 || 1975 | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | ''[[ | + | | rowspan=2|''[[The Meeting at High Snows (Vstrecha u vysokikh snegov)]]'' || [[Saidmurad Ziyautdinov]] || Mulabek || rowspan=2| || rowspan=2|1981 |
|- | |- | ||
− | | '' | + | | || ''Basmachi'' |
|- | |- | ||
− | | ''[[ | + | | ''[[Long Road in the Dunes (Ilgais cels kapas)]]'' || || Latvian Army soldiers || Ep.2 || 1982 |
|- | |- | ||
− | | ''[[ | + | | rowspan=2|''[[Fiery Roads (Ognennye dorogi)]]'' || [[Ulmas Alikhodzhayev]] || Hamza Hakimzade Niyazi || Ep.15 || rowspan=2|1983-1985 |
|- | |- | ||
− | | '' | + | | || British soldiers, rebels in British India, Ottoman police, ''Basmachi'' || Ep.9,13,15 |
|- | |- | ||
| ''[[Anzacs]]'' || || American troops || || 1985 | | ''[[Anzacs]]'' || || American troops || || 1985 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |''[[ MacGyver (1985) - Season 1]]'' || || Khalil's tribesmen || "Slow Death" (S1E19) / M1917 Enfield ||1986 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ''[[Police Rescue]]'' || || Australian New South Wales Police || || 1989-1996 | | ''[[Police Rescue]]'' || || Australian New South Wales Police || || 1989-1996 | ||
Line 135: | Line 239: | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ''[[Foyle's War - Season 3]]'' || [[Tony Haygarth]] || Leo Maccoby || P14(T) Sniper Rifle; "The French Drop" (S3E1) || 2004 | | ''[[Foyle's War - Season 3]]'' || [[Tony Haygarth]] || Leo Maccoby || P14(T) Sniper Rifle; "The French Drop" (S3E1) || 2004 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ''[[And Quiet Flows the Don (Tikhiy Don) (2006)|And Quiet Flows the Don (Tikhiy Don)]]'' || || Austro-Hungarian soldiers || || 2006 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | rowspan=2|''[[The Caravan of Sailors ]]'' || [[Olaf Stieg]] || Matrose Pinkert || rowspan=2| P14 || rowspan=2| 2006 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | || Arab Bedouins | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ''[[Foyle's War - Season 5]]'' || || Home Guard soldiers || "Casualties of War" (S5E2) || 2007 | | ''[[Foyle's War - Season 5]]'' || || Home Guard soldiers || "Casualties of War" (S5E2) || 2007 | ||
Line 142: | Line 252: | ||
| ''[[Doctor Who (New Series)]]'' || || Hooverville citizens || "Daleks in Manhattan" || 2005 - | | ''[[Doctor Who (New Series)]]'' || || Hooverville citizens || "Daleks in Manhattan" || 2005 - | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | ''[[Boardwalk Empire]]'' || [[Michael K. Williams]] || "Chalky" White || || 2010- | + | | ''[[Agatha Christie's Marple]]'' || || A British soldier || "Nemesis" (S03E04) || 2009 |
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ''[[Boardwalk Empire]]'' || [[Michael K. Williams]] || "Chalky" White || || 2010-2014 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |''[[Boardwalk Empire]]''||[[Jack Huston]] || Richard Harrow|| "Margate Sands" (S3E12)||2012 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ''[[Hetaeras of Major Sokolov (Getery mayora Sokolova)]]'' || || || Seen in the documentary footage of the Spanish Civil war || 2014 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ''[[The Last of Us - Season 1]]'' ||||||Sporterised, seen in armory; "Long Long Time" (S1E03)|| 2023 | ||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
− | |||
− | |||
==Video Games== | ==Video Games== | ||
+ | {{Media table start|video game}} | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ''[[Battlefield: 1918]]'' || || || P 14 || 2003 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | rowspan=2|''[[Forgotten Hope 2]]'' || "No.3 Mk I* (T)" || Commonwealth variant || Fitted with Aldis 1918 scope || rowspan=2|2007 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | "M1917 Enfield" || American variant || Can be fitted with M1917 bayonet | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |''[[Warface]]'' || "M1917 Enfield" || w/scope || added post-release || 2013 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |''[[Sniper Elite III]]'' || "American Enfield" || Hybrid M1914/17 || || 2014 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |''[[Battle of Empires: 1914-1918]]'' || "Enfield" || || M17 || 2015 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | rowspan=2|''[[Verdun]]'' || "Pattern 1914 Enfield" || rowspan=2| || rowspan=2| || rowspan=2| 2015 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | "M1917 Enfield" | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ''[[Battlefield 1]]'' || "M1917 Enfield" || || Added in ''Apocalypse'' DLC (2017)|| 2016 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ''[[Squad 44: Letters From The Front]]'' || "P14 Enfield Sniper" || || Added in 2024 ''Operation Clean Sweep'' Update || 2018 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | rowspan=3|''[[Enlisted]]'' || || Pattern M1914 (P 14) Enfield || rowspan=3| || rowspan=3| 2021 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |||Pattern M1914 (P 14) Enfield No. 3. Mk I* (T) | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |||Pattern M1917 Enfield | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | rowspan=2|''[[Beyond The Wire]]'' || "Pattern 14 MkI W (T)" || rowspan=2| || rowspan=2| both American M1917 and British P.14 Sniper configurations || rowspan=2|2022 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | "M1917 Enfield" | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |} | ||
− | + | ==Animation== | |
+ | {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%;" border="1" style="border: 1px solid #D0E7FF; background-color:#ffffff; text-align:left; font-size: 95%" | ||
+ | |-bgcolor=#D0E7FF | ||
+ | !align=center bgcolor=#D0E7FF width="250"|'''Title''' | ||
+ | !align=center bgcolor=#D0E7FF width="100"|'''Voice Actor''' | ||
+ | !align=center bgcolor=#D0E7FF width="200"|'''Characters''' | ||
+ | !align=center bgcolor=#D0E7FF width="350"|'''Notation''' | ||
+ | !align=center bgcolor=#D0E7FF width="80"|''' Date''' | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ''[[Love, Death & Robots - Season 1]]'' || || British soldier ||w/bayonet, cartoonized; "Alternate Histories" (S1E17)|| 2019 | ||
+ | |} | ||
=See Also= | =See Also= | ||
* [[Royal Small Arms Factory]] - A list of weapons produced by RSAF Enfield | * [[Royal Small Arms Factory]] - A list of weapons produced by RSAF Enfield | ||
+ | {{Template:Royal Small Arms Factory}} | ||
[[Category:Gun]] | [[Category:Gun]] | ||
[[Category:Rifle]] | [[Category:Rifle]] | ||
[[Category:Battle Rifle]] | [[Category:Battle Rifle]] |
Revision as of 13:27, 29 April 2024
The Pattern 1914 Enfield was a derivative of a rifle that originally began as a replacement for the SMLE in British Army service. It is a Mauser-type action with 2 forward locking lugs, an external non-rotating claw extractor, and a staggered-column box magazine contained entirely within the stock. It can be easily identified by the prominent metal "ears" that protect both the front sight and the receiver-mounted rear sight.
Background
Development
During the Second Boer War (1899-1902), the British Army found that the SMLE rifle chambered in .303 was severely outclassed by the M1895 Mauser rifles used by the Boer forces. The high velocity and flat trajectory of the 7x57mm Mauser cartridge proved much more accurate and powerful at long range than the British .303 MKIII cartridge, giving the Boers a decisive advantage in the open veldt of South Africa. Attempts to upgrade the Lee-Enfield design proved unsuccessful due to its rear-mounted locking lugs, and in 1910 the Small Arms Committee issued a requirement for a Mauser-type rifle with front-locking lugs, single-piece stock, and small-caliber cartridge. In 1911 the Royal Small Arms Factory produced a modified cock-on-closing Mauser-type design, which was adopted for testing in 1913 as: Rifle, Magazine, Enfield, .276-inch, colloquially known as the Pattern 13.
Pattern 13
The new rifle featured a Mauser-type cock-on-closing action with front locking lugs, non-rotating claw extractor, and a staggered 5-round box magazine contained within the one-piece stock. The bolt handle had a distinctive "dogleg" shape, bringing it down and back toward the operator's hand. A 2-position thumb safety was located on the right side behind the bolt handle. The rifle had a 26" barrel, with a protected front sight, and aperture rear sight with flip-up elevation ladder mounted on the receiver bridge, which gave the rifle an extremely long sight radius. It was chambered in a new 7mm cartridge specifically developed for the rifle, the .276 Enfield, which propelled a 165gr bullet at 2,800fps. The rifle was not popular with troops, who reported excessive muzzle blast, overheating, and rifling wear.
Pattern 14
When World War I began, it was determined that it would be impractical to convert the British Army to a new rifle and cartridge, and development of the .276 Enfield was forgotten. Production of the rifle in Britain was also impossible, as all available facilities were cranking out SMLE MkIII's. However, it was decided that the rifle could be re-chambered in .303 without altering the basic design. Thus the design became: Rifle, .303 Pattern 1914. The British government then contracted out production of the Pattern 14 to Winchester Repeating Arms and Remington Arms in the United States. From 1915-1917 1,235,298 rifles were produced by Winchester, Remington, and Remington's subsidiary Baldwin Locomotive Works in Eddystone, Pennsylvania. The rifle's length and weight made it unpopular with regular troops, who found it difficult to wield in the close-range combat of trench fighting. It was, however, popular with snipers, where its barrel length, long sight radius, and weight made it more accurate than the SMLE.
M1917
When the United States entered World War I in 1917, the M1903 Springfield was the standard-issue battle rifle of the US Army and US Marine Corps. However, only 840,000 had been produced, and the United States desperately needed an alternative to arm the American Expeditionary Force. The Pattern 14 rifle, then in production for the British Army, was found to be easily converted to the US .30-06 service cartridge. All production of the P14 was ceased, and Winchester, Remington, and Eddystone began manufacturing the new U.S. Rifle, Caliber .30, Model of 1917. From 1917-1918, 2,193,429 rifles were produced, far outnumbering M1903 production. By the end of the war, roughly 75% of the American Expeditionary Force was armed with the M1917. Like the British troops, American soldiers disliked the rifle for its length and weight; with its 17" bayonet it was usually taller than the man carrying it.
Specifications
- Weight: P13: 8lb. 11 oz. (3.9kg); P14: 9 lb. 6 oz.(4.25kg); M1917: 9 lb. 3oz.(4.17kg)
- Length: 3 ft. 10.25 in. (1175 mm)
- Barrel length: 26.0 in (660 mm)
- Cartridge: .276 Enfield (Pattern 13); .303 Enfield (Pattern 14); .30-06 Springfield (M1917)
- Action: Modified Mauser turn bolt
- Muzzle velocity: 2,785 ft/s(848.9m/s); 2380 ft/s (725.6m/s); 2700 ft/s (823 m/s)
- Feed system: P13, P14: 5-round box magazine; M1917: 6-round box magazine
The Pattern 1914 Enfield and variants can be seen in the following films, television series, video games, and anime used by the following actors:
Film
Title | Actor | Character | Notes | Date |
---|---|---|---|---|
The Lost Battalion | American soldiers | M1917 | 1919 | |
Wings | American and British soldiers | M1917 | 1927 | |
Sniper | British soldiers | Enfield P14 | 1931 | |
Horizon (Gorizont) | American soldiers | Unclear model | 1932 | |
Eskimo | Joseph Sauers | Sergeant Hunt | M1917 | 1933 |
Edgar Dearing | Constable Balk | |||
They Gave Him a Gun | Franchot Tone | James Davis | 1937 | |
Spencer Tracy | Fred P. Willis | |||
U. S. soldiers | ||||
If War Comes Tomorrow (Esli zavtra voyna) | Enemy troops | Enfield P14 | 1938 | |
Fighting Film Collection No. 3 (Boyevoy kinosbornik No. 3) | British soldiers | Seen in documentary footage | 1941 | |
Went the Day Well? | British Home Guard/German Paratroopers | 1942 | ||
Hell Below Zero | Ivan Craig | Larsen | Sporterized P14 or M1917 | 1954 |
Stanley Baker | Erik Bland | |||
Alan Ladd | Duncan Craig | |||
And Quiet Flows the Don (Tikhiy Don) | Austro-Hungarian soldiers | 1957 | ||
The Poet | Red sailors and cavalrymen | Likely Enfield P14 | 1957 | |
The Golden Eshelon (Zolotoy eshelon) | Arkadi Trusov | Lipat Korneevich | Enfield P14, some with P1907 bayonets | 1959 |
Aleksandr Tolstykh | Stepan Krutikov | |||
Anatoli Yushko | Chernykh | |||
Red partisans | ||||
Dersu Uzala | Adolf Shestakov | Captain Vladimir Arsenyev | Enfield P14 | 1961 |
The 317th Platoon | Laotian troops | 1965 | ||
The Hyperboloid of Engineer Garin (Giperboloid inzhenera Garina) | Garin's private army soldiers | Enfield P14 | 1965 | |
The Naked Prey | Gert van den Bergh | The 2nd Man | 1966 | |
Exodus (Iskhod) | Mongols | 1968 | ||
Sergey Lazo | Imperial Japanese Army soldiers | 1968 | ||
Night of the Living Dead | Posse member | 1968 | ||
Oh! What a Lovely War | American soldiers | 1969 | ||
The Intervention (Interventsiya) | Hold by statues | 1969 | ||
The Omega Man | Charlton Heston | Col. Robert Neville | 1971 | |
Mission in Kabul (Missiya v Kabule) | Royal guards of the Emir | 1971 | ||
The Hound of the Baskervilles (Sobaka Baskerviley) | British Police | Enfield P14 | 1971 | |
The Seventh Bullet (Sedmaya pulya) | Hamza Umarov | Hairullah | M1917 | 1972 |
In the Black Sands (V chyornykh peskakh) | Basmachi | M1917 or P14 | 1973 | |
The Black Captain (Chyornyy kapitan) | Partisans | 1973 | ||
And on the Pacific... (I na Tikhom Okeane...) | Viktor Avdyushko | Nikita Yegorovich Vershinin | M1917 | 1974 |
Red partisans | ||||
March or Die | American soldiers | 1977 | ||
The Island of Dr Moreau | Nigel Davenport | Montgomery | 1977 | |
Michael York | Andrew Braddock | |||
Dawn of the Dead | Seen on a gun shelf | 1978 | ||
Velvet Season (Barkhatnyy sezon) | Spanish Republicans, French police | Enfield P14 | 1978 | |
The Girl from the Legend (Devushka iz legendy) | Sharif Kabulov | Kabul | 1980 | |
Yakhye Faizulayev | Habib | |||
Bukharan soldiers, Basmachi | ||||
Against the Current (Protiv techeniya) | Red sailors | Enfield P14 | 1981 | |
Enter the Ninja | Guards | 1981 | ||
Cossack Outpost (Kazachya zastava) | Lev Perfilov | Irod | Enfield P14 | 1982 |
Urgent... Secret... Gubcheka (Srochno... sekretno... Gubcheka) | White soldiers | Enfield P14 | 1982 | |
The Pavilion on the Links (Dom na dyunakh) | Arkadi Shalolashvili | Antonio | 1984 | |
Northmour's yacht sailors | ||||
Come and See (Idi i smotri) | SS soldiers, Soviet partisan | Enfield P14 | 1985 | |
Out of Africa | Hunter | Supposedly a sporterized Pattern 1914 in .303 British | 1986 | |
Club Paradise | revolutionary and soldier | 1986 | ||
The Jaguar (Yaguar) | Chilean military school cadets | Enfield P14 | 1987 | |
The Untouchables | Royal Canadian Mounted Police | 1987 | ||
Crocodile Dundee II | Paul Hogan | Michael J. 'Crocodile' Dundee | Sporterized Pattern M1914 (P 14) Enfield | 1988 |
Linda Kozlowski | Sue Charlton | |||
Luis Guzmán | Jose | |||
Cargo 300 (Gruz 300) | Afghan mujaheddins | Enfield P14 | 1989 | |
Richard III | Richmond's soldiers | 1995 | ||
Truman | U.S. soldiers | 1995 | ||
Spawn | U.S. honor guard soldiers | 1997 | ||
The Lost Battalion | Rick Schroder | Major Charles Whittlesey | 2001 | |
André Vippolis | Pvt. Lipasti | |||
Rhys Miles Thomas | Pvt. Bob Yoder | |||
Arthur Kremer | Pvt. Abraham Krotoshinsky | |||
Daniel Caltagirone | Pvt. Phillip Cepeglia | |||
Michael Goldstrom | Pvt. Jacob Rosen | |||
US Army soldiers | ||||
King Kong | U.S. Army soldiers | 2005 | ||
Days of Glory | Roschdy Zem | Messaoud | 2006 | |
Free French soldiers | ||||
Assembly (Ji jie hao) | Nationalist Chinese soldiers | 2007 | ||
Intimate Enemies | French soldiers | 2007 | ||
Emden Men | French soldiers | 2012 | ||
Far from Men | Algerian rebels and French soldiers | 2014 | ||
Battery Number One (Edinichka) | Ilya Pivnyuk | Ruzek | Enfield P14 | 2015 |
7 Witches | vigilante | 2017 | ||
Wonder Woman | Ewen Bremner | Charlie | M1917 | 2017 |
The King's Man | Gemma Arterton | Polly | 2021 |
Television
Title | Actor | Character | Notes / Episode | Date |
---|---|---|---|---|
Mission: Impossible - Season 2 | Warren Stevens | Karl de Groot | Sporter model | 1967 |
Dad's Army | Arthur Lowe | Captain George Mainwaring | 1968-1977 | |
John Le Mesurier | Sergeant Arthur Wilson | |||
Clive Dunn | Lance Corporal Jack Jones | |||
James Beck | Private Joe Walker | |||
Ian Lavender | Private Frank Pike | |||
John Laurie | Private James Frazer | |||
Here Lies the Border (Zdes prokhodit granitsa) | Basmachi | Ep.1 | 1975 | |
The Meeting at High Snows (Vstrecha u vysokikh snegov) | Saidmurad Ziyautdinov | Mulabek | 1981 | |
Basmachi | ||||
Long Road in the Dunes (Ilgais cels kapas) | Latvian Army soldiers | Ep.2 | 1982 | |
Fiery Roads (Ognennye dorogi) | Ulmas Alikhodzhayev | Hamza Hakimzade Niyazi | Ep.15 | 1983-1985 |
British soldiers, rebels in British India, Ottoman police, Basmachi | Ep.9,13,15 | |||
Anzacs | American troops | 1985 | ||
MacGyver (1985) - Season 1 | Khalil's tribesmen | "Slow Death" (S1E19) / M1917 Enfield | 1986 | |
Police Rescue | Australian New South Wales Police | 1989-1996 | ||
Foyle's War - Season 2 | Home Guard soldiers | All episodes | 2003 | |
Foyle's War - Season 3 | Tony Haygarth | Leo Maccoby | P14(T) Sniper Rifle; "The French Drop" (S3E1) | 2004 |
And Quiet Flows the Don (Tikhiy Don) | Austro-Hungarian soldiers | 2006 | ||
The Caravan of Sailors | Olaf Stieg | Matrose Pinkert | P14 | 2006 |
Arab Bedouins | ||||
Foyle's War - Season 5 | Home Guard soldiers | "Casualties of War" (S5E2) | 2007 | |
Foyle's War - Season 6 | Home Guard soldiers | "Plan of Attack" (S6E1) | 2008 | |
Doctor Who (New Series) | Hooverville citizens | "Daleks in Manhattan" | 2005 - | |
Agatha Christie's Marple | A British soldier | "Nemesis" (S03E04) | 2009 | |
Boardwalk Empire | Michael K. Williams | "Chalky" White | 2010-2014 | |
Boardwalk Empire | Jack Huston | Richard Harrow | "Margate Sands" (S3E12) | 2012 |
Hetaeras of Major Sokolov (Getery mayora Sokolova) | Seen in the documentary footage of the Spanish Civil war | 2014 | ||
The Last of Us - Season 1 | Sporterised, seen in armory; "Long Long Time" (S1E03) | 2023 |
Video Games
Title | Appears as | Mods | Notes | Date |
---|---|---|---|---|
Battlefield: 1918 | P 14 | 2003 | ||
Forgotten Hope 2 | "No.3 Mk I* (T)" | Commonwealth variant | Fitted with Aldis 1918 scope | 2007 |
"M1917 Enfield" | American variant | Can be fitted with M1917 bayonet | ||
Warface | "M1917 Enfield" | w/scope | added post-release | 2013 |
Sniper Elite III | "American Enfield" | Hybrid M1914/17 | 2014 | |
Battle of Empires: 1914-1918 | "Enfield" | M17 | 2015 | |
Verdun | "Pattern 1914 Enfield" | 2015 | ||
"M1917 Enfield" | ||||
Battlefield 1 | "M1917 Enfield" | Added in Apocalypse DLC (2017) | 2016 | |
Squad 44: Letters From The Front | "P14 Enfield Sniper" | Added in 2024 Operation Clean Sweep Update | 2018 | |
Enlisted | Pattern M1914 (P 14) Enfield | 2021 | ||
Pattern M1914 (P 14) Enfield No. 3. Mk I* (T) | ||||
Pattern M1917 Enfield | ||||
Beyond The Wire | "Pattern 14 MkI W (T)" | both American M1917 and British P.14 Sniper configurations | 2022 | |
"M1917 Enfield" |
Animation
Title | Voice Actor | Characters | Notation | Date |
---|---|---|---|---|
Love, Death & Robots - Season 1 | British soldier | w/bayonet, cartoonized; "Alternate Histories" (S1E17) | 2019 |
See Also
- Royal Small Arms Factory - A list of weapons produced by RSAF Enfield