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Winchester Model 1897
The Winchester Model 1897 was an evolution of the earlier Model 1893, designed by John Browning. It was the first truly successful pump-action shotgun produced. From 1897 until it was discontinued by Winchester in 1957, over a million of these guns were produced in various grades and barrel lengths. 16-gauge guns had a standard barrel length of 28 inches, while 12-gauge guns were furnished with 30-inch barrels. Special length barrels could be ordered in lengths as short as 20 inches, and as long as 36 inches.
Originally produced as a tougher, stronger version of the Winchester 1893, the 1897 was identical to its forerunner except for the receiver, which was thicker and allowed the use of smokeless powder shells, which were relatively new at the time. The 1897 also introduced a "take down" design, where the barrel could be taken off, which is standard in modern pump-action shotguns like the Remington 870. Production drew to a close in the late 1950s, when the "modern" hammerless designs became widespread, and it was gradually superseded by the Winchester Model 1912, with which it was coexisting.
The United States military used a short-barreled version, often called the "trench gun" by US troops, who made extensive use of it in both World Wars. This version was modified by adding a perforated steel heat shield over the barrel, and an adapter with bayonet lug for affixing a M1917 bayonet. Unlike most modern pump-action shotguns, the M1897 fired each time the action closed with the trigger depressed (that is, it lacks a trigger disconnector), allowing even a moderately trained soldier to slam-fire all six shells in around two seconds. The six-shot capacity made it extremely effective for close combat, and gave it nicknames like the "trench broom" and "trench sweeper." The devastating results caused the German government to lodge a formal protest, claiming the use of the weapon violated the Hague Convention, which the American government rejected, not amused with such an objection from the country that had first deployed flamethrowers and poison gas. Following this, in September 1918 Germany issued orders to execute all American soldiers caught carrying the M1897 or even ammunition for it, though this does not appear to have actually been carried out (General Pershing's counter-threat to execute all German soldiers caught with flamethrowers or saw-bladed bayonets may have helped, the war ending six weeks later probably more so). Further attempts were made in the interwar years, but like the British attempts to ban submarines for being "ungentlemanly," nothing came of them. The effect of this was sufficient that in WW2 the only shotgun used by Nazi Germany was the M30 Luftwaffe Drilling, and this was issued to air crews primarily as a hunting weapon.
The M1897 was used in limited numbers during World War II by the United States Army and Marine Corps, although it was outnumbered by the hammerless Model 1912 trench guns, which were now more common in the hands of US troops.
The Winchester Model 1897 shotgun has appeared in the following films, video games and anime, used by the following actors:
Specifications
- Weight: 8 lb (3.6 kg)
- Length: 39.25 in (1,000 mm)
- Barrel length: 20 in (510 mm)
- Caliber: 12-gauge
- Action: Pump-action
- Effective range: 22 yards (20m)
- Feed system: 5-round tubular magazine (+ 1 chambered)
Film
| Title | Actor | Character | Note | Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Heroes for Sale | Police Officers | Riot Gun | 1933 | |
| G Men | State Police | Riot gun | 1935 | |
| Bullets or Ballots | Police Officers | Riot gun | 1936 | |
| San Quentin | Prison Guard | Riot gun | 1937 | |
| A Slight Case of Murder | Riot gun; seen in the room | 1938 | ||
| The Real Glory | Gary Cooper | Dr. Bill Canavan | 1939 | |
| The Real Glory | Reginald Owen | Capt. Hartley | 1939 | |
| The Real Glory | Rudy Robles | Lt. Yabo | 1939 | |
| The Real Glory | US Army officers | 1939 | ||
| Lady Gangster | Police officer | Riot gun | 1942 | |
| Dillinger | Marc Lawrence | Doc Madison | 1945 | |
| Trapped | Police officers | Riot gun | 1949 | |
| White Heat | Edmond O'Brien | Hank Fallon | 1949 | |
| White Heat | James Cagney | Cody Jarrett | 1949 | |
| White Heat | Accountant guard and LAPD officers | 1949 | ||
| The Enforcer | Police officers | Riot gun | 1951 | |
| Kansas City Confidential | Kansas City Police | Riot-Gun Configuration | 1952 | |
| The Most Wanted Man (L'Ennemi public No 1) | Police | 1953 | ||
| The Beast from 20,000 Fathoms | NYPD officers | Riot Gun | 1953 | |
| The Desperate Hours | Indianapolis police officer | 1955 | ||
| The FBI Story | Police officer | Riot shotgun | 1959 | |
| Lonely Are the Brave | George Kennedy | Deputy Gutierrez | Riot shotgun | 1962 |
| The Chase | Posse member | 1966 | ||
| The Professionals | Lee Marvin | Henry "Rico" Fardan | 1966 | |
| The Professionals | Burt Lancaster | Bill Dolworth | 1966 | |
| Bonnie and Clyde | Police Officers | 1967 | ||
| In Cold Blood | Person of Interest | 1967 | ||
| The Thomas Crown Affair (1968) | Bank guards and bank robbers | 1968 | ||
| Bullitt | Paul Genge | Mafia Mike | Sawn-off barrel and stock | 1968 |
| The Wild Bunch | William Holden | Deke Thorten | 1969 | |
| The Wild Bunch | Warren Oates | Lyle Gorch | 1969 | |
| 100 Rifles | Raquel Welch | Sarita | 1969 | |
| Cotton Comes to Harlem | NYPD officers | 1970 | ||
| The French Connection | Roy Scheider | Det. Buddy "Cloudy" Russo | 1971 | |
| A Clockwork Orange | HM Prison guards | 1971 | ||
| Trouble Man | Harrison Page | Bogus cop | 1972 | |
| Trouble Man | William Stevens | Bogus cop | 1972 | |
| Trouble Man | henchmen | 1972 | ||
| Magnum Force | Tony Giorgio | Frank Palancio | 1973 | |
| Dillinger | Warren Oates | John Dillinger | 1973 | |
| Dillinger | Geoffrey Lewis | Harry Pierpont | 1973 | |
| Dillinger | Police, FBI agents, vigilantes | 1973 | ||
| My Name Is Nobody | Leo Gordon | Red | 1973 | |
| Detroit 9000 | Detroit Police | 1973 | ||
| Melvin Purvis G-MAN | Margaret Blye | Kate Kelly | 1974 | |
| Melvin Purvis G-MAN | John Karlen | Tony Redecci | 1974 | |
| Melvin Purvis G-MAN | FBI agents | 1974 | ||
| McQ | Gangster | Trench Gun | 1974 | |
| Act of Aggression (L'Agression) | Claude Brasseur | André Ducatel | 1975 | |
| Three Days of the Condor | Hansford Rowe | Sgt. Jennings | 1975 | |
| The Wind and the Lion | Candice Bergen | Mrs. Pedicaris | 1975 | |
| The Wind and the Lion | Sean Connery | Sheik Rasuli | 1975 | |
| The Wind and the Lion | Simon Harrison | William Pedecaris | 1975 | |
| The Wind and the Lion | Steve Kanaly | Capt. Jerome | 1975 | |
| The Wind and the Lion | United States Marines | 1975 | ||
| King Kong | Jack O'Halloran | Joe Perko | 1976 | |
| Assault on Precinct 13 (1976) | Darwin Joston | Napoleon Wilson | 1976 | |
| The Last Hard Men | James Coburn | Zach Provo | 1976 | |
| The Last Hard Men | Jorge Rivero | Cesar Menendez | 1976 | |
| Herbie Goes to Monte Carlo | . | Armed Guard | Trench Gun | 1977 |
| Rolling Thunder | Tommy Lee Jones | Master Sergeant Vohden | 1977 | |
| Damnation Alley | . | Leader of brigands | Field Model | 1977 |
| F.I.S.T. | . | Police officers | 1978 | |
| Go Tell the Spartans | South Vietnamese militia | 1978 | ||
| Brubaker | Robert Redford | Warden Henry Brubaker | 1980 | |
| Nighthawks | Billy Dee Williams | N.Y.P.D. Detective Fox | 1981 | |
| The Border | Jeff Morris | J.J. | 1982 | |
| The Toxic Avenger | Thug | 1984 | ||
| Exterminator 2 | Robert Ginty | John Eastland | 1984 | |
| Exterminator 2 | X's thugs | 1984 | ||
| Streets of Fire | Richmond PD officers and citizens | 1984 | ||
| The Park is Mine | NYPD Officer | Riot model | 1985 | |
| The Emerald Forest | A henchman | Trench gun | 1985 | |
| Extreme Prejudice | Rip Torn | Sheriff Hank Pearson | 1987 | |
| The Untouchables | Kevin Costner | Elliot Ness | 1987 | |
| The Untouchables | Sean Connery | Malone | 1987 | |
| The Untouchables | Andy Garcia | George Stone | 1987 | |
| The Untouchables | Charles Martin Smith | Oscar Wallace | 1987 | |
| Harlem Nights | Danny Aiello | Det. Cantone | 1989 | |
| The Hot Spot | Don Johnson | Harry Madox | 1990 | |
| Mobsters | Costas Mandylor | Frank Costello | 1991 | |
| Rage and Honor | Jon Van Ness | Talbot | 1992 | |
| Michael Collins | A Black and Tan | 1996 | ||
| Men in Black | Vincent D'Onofrio | Edgar/The Bug | Field gun | 1997 |
| The Thin Red Line | David Harrod | Cpl. Queen | 1998 | |
| The Green Mile | Posse member | 1999 | ||
| The Mummy | Brendon Fraser | Rick O'Connell | 1999 | |
| The Mummy | Rachel Weisz | Evie | 1999 | |
| Magnolia | John C. Reilly | Officer Kurring | 1998 | |
| The Mummy | Oded Fehr | Ardeth Bay | 1999 | |
| Pearl Harbor | Tom Sizemore | Sgt. Earl Sistern | Trench gun | 2001 |
| Road to Perdition | Jude Law | Harlan Maguire | 2002 | |
| Torque | Will Yun Lee | Val | riot, continuity error | 2004 |
| Serenity | Gina Torres | Zoe Washburn | Riot gun fitted with scope | 2005 |
| No Country for Old Men | Josh Brolin | Llewelyn Moss | Sawn-off Norinco Model 97W | 2007 |
| Blood Brothers | Daniel Wu | Ah Feng | 2007 | |
| L: Change the World | Yûta Kanai | Tamotsu Yoshizawa | 2008 | |
| Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull | Russian Soldier | 2008 | ||
| Public Enemies | Rory Cochrane | Carter Baum | 2009 | |
| Elephant White | in weapons cache | 2010 | ||
| The Book of Eli | Michael Gambon | George | 2010 | |
| Captain America: The First Avenger | Neal McDonough | Timothy "Dum Dum" Dugan | Trench Gun | 2011 |
| Casa de mi Padre | deleted scene | 2012 | ||
| Lawless | Guy Pearce | Special Agent Charlie Rakes | Trench Gun | 2012 |
| Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them | New York City Police Officers | Trench Gun Configuration | 2016 |
Televison
| Title | Actor | Character | Note / Episode | Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Andy Griffith Show | Andy Griffith | Sheriff Andy Taylor | "The Big House" (Ep. 3.32) | 1960-1968 |
| Mission: Impossible | Policemen | "The Council: Part 2" (S02E12) | 1967 | |
| Mission: Impossible | Greg Morris | Barney Collier | "The Execution" (S3E05) | 1968 |
| Mission: Impossible | Peter Lupus | Willy Armitage | "The Execution" (S3E05) | 1968 |
| Mission: Impossible | Martin Landau | Rollin Hand | "The Execution" (S3E05) | 1968 |
| Mission: Impossible | Peter Lupus | Willy Armitage | "The System" (S3E15) | 1969 |
| Adam-12 | L.A.P.D. | 1968-1975 | ||
| Hawaii Five-O (1968) - Season 1 | Kam Fong | Chin Ho | Pilot episode | 1968 |
| Hawaii Five-O (1968) - Season 1 | Zulu | Kono Kalakaua | Pilot episode | 1968 |
| Hawaii Five-O (1968) - Season 2 | A revolutionary | "Savage Sunday" (S2E08) | 1969 - 1970 | |
| Hawaii Five-O (1968) - Season 4 | Federal agents | "For a Million, Why Not?" (S4E08) | 1971 - 1972 | |
| S.W.A.T. | James Coleman | Officer T.J. McCabe | 1975-1976 | |
| Dempsey and Makepeace | Nick Brimble | Keith Lymon | "Bird of Prey" (S03E09) | 1986 |
| On Wings of Eagles | Burt Lancaster | Lieutenant Colonel Arthur E. 'Bull' Simons | with pistol grip | 1986 |
| The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles | Gangster | 1992 - 1993 | ||
| Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman | Joey | Ep. "That Old Gang of Mine" | 1993 - 1997 | |
| Supernatural - Season 4 | Andy Nez | Daniel Elkins | "In The Beginning" (S04E03) | 2008 |
| Lock 'n Load With R. Lee Ermey | R. Lee Ermey | Himself | . | 2009 |
| The Pacific | Ian Meadows | Pvt. Cecil Evans | Trench gun | 2010 |
| The Pacific | Freddie Joe Farnsworth | 1st Lt. Thomas Stanley | Trench gun | 2010 |
| Boardwalk Empire | . | Federal Agents | . | 2010 - ???? |
| Jon Benjamin Has a Van | Zak Lee | Paulie | "Little Little Italy" (S01E02), riot gun | 2011 |
| Ripper Street | Iain Glen | Madoc Faulkner | Riot Gun / "The Weight of One Man's Heart" (S01E05) | 2013 |
| Liam Carney | Lynch | |||
| Jerome Flynn | Detective Sergeant Bennet Drake | |||
| Bonnie and Clyde (2013) | Holliday Grainger | Bonnie Parker | 2013 | |
| Bonnie and Clyde (2013) | Emile Hirsch | Clyde Barrow | 2013 | |
| Mob City | gangsters | 2013 |
Video Games
| Game Title | Appears as | Notation | Release Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Medal of Honor (1999) | 1999 | ||
| Medal of Honor: Underground | Used in Panzerknacker Unleashed! (Bonus Mission) | 2000 | |
| Resident Evil (2002) | 2002 | ||
| Medal of Honor: Frontline | Trench gun | 2002 | |
| Shellshock Nam '67 | "Pump Gun" | Trench gun | 2004 |
| Call of Duty 2 | Multiplayer only | 2005 | |
| Peter Jacksons King Kong: The Official Game of the Movie | Riot gun | 2005 | |
| Condemned: Criminal Origins | "Pump Shotgun" | Heavily modified version | 2005 |
| Medal of Honor: Heroes | Trench gun | 2006 | |
| Call of Duty 3 | Trench gun | 2006 | |
| Commandos: Strike Force | "Winchester Riot" | Riot gun | 2006 |
| Alliance of Valiant Arms | As the "M1897 Trench Gun" | Trench gun, with M1917 bayonet | 2007 |
| The Royal Marines Commando | "Winchester" | Trench gun | 2008 |
| Call of Duty: World at War | "M1897 Trench Shotgun" | Trench gun | 2008 |
| Killing Floor | Dragons Breath Trenchgun | Trench Gun, loaded with incendiary buckshot | 2009 |
| Red Dead Redemption | "Pump Action Shotgun" | 2010 | |
| Singularity | "Volk S4" | Trench gun; unusable | 2010 |
| Karma Online | "M1897" | Trench gun | 2011 |
| Arctic Combat | 2012 | ||
| Enemy Front | Trench | Trench gun | 2014 |
| Fistful of Frags | "Pump Shotgun W1893" | Based off the Winchester 1893 | 2014 |
| Sniper Elite III | Trench Gun | 2014 | |
| Killing Floor 2 | Incendiary Trench Gun | Trench Gun, loaded with incendiary buckshot | 2015 |
| Verdun | "Winchester Model 1897 Trench Gun" | 2015 | |
| Battlefield 1 | "M97 Trench Gun" | 2016 | |
| Sniper Elite 4 | Trench Gun | 2017 | |
| Playerunknown's Battlegrounds | S1897 | can be fitted with a choke and a shell holder on the stock | 2017 |
Anime
| Title | Character | Note | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gunslinger Girl | Triela | Trench gun, with and without M1917 bayonet | 2003 |
| Black Lagoon | A thug | Trench gun | 2006 |
| Desert Punk | Desert Punk | Trench gun | 2004-2005 |
| Baccano! | Police officer | 2007 | |
| Michiko e Hatchin | Father Pedro Belenbauza | 2008 | |
| Gunslinger Girl: Il Teatrino | Triela | Trench gun, with and without M1917 bayonet | 2008 |
| Ajin | Satou | Trench gun with bayonet lug | 2016 |
See Also
- Winchester Repeating Arms - A list of all firearms manufactured by Winchester Repeating Arms.